Pathology of knowledge strategy barriers in organization: a case study

Knowledge management plays an important role on the success of organizations but there are several reasons that many organizations fail to talk a full advantage of the benefits of knowledge management implementation. In this paper, we perform an empirical investigation on supreme audit court organization of Iran. The survey uses a standard questionnaire and distributes 116 questionnaires among 228 people who worked for this organization. Cronbach alpha yields 0.817, which is well above the minimum acceptable level. Kolmogorov–Smirnov test has been performed to examine the normality of the data and yields 1.71 for management attributes, 1.78 is for resource factors and 1.73 for environment factors and P-value for all three factors is 0.000. The preliminary results of our survey indicate that management is the first important factor followed by resources and environment factors

Inhibition of pteridine reductase 1 (PTR1) expression in Leishmania promastigotes using a full-length antisense construct

Leishmania exhibit many unusual features, one of which is the pteridine metabolic pathway essential for the growth for these parasites. Leishmania have evolved a complex and versatile pteridine salvage network capable of scavenging a wide array of conjugated and unconjugated pteridines. The L. major PTR1 gene was cloned into pcDNA3 digested with KpnI and BamHI. The gene was cloned antiparallel to the promoter and named pcDNA-Rptr. L. major promastigotes were divided into two groups. One group was transfected with 50 μg of pcDNA-Rptr, whereas the other group was electroporated with pcDNA3. Mentioned cells were cultured and plated onto semi-solid media.Western blotting was performed on extracts from transfected promastigotes of L. major using an leishmania major PTR1 antibody. The PTR1 protein was not expressed in pcDNA-Rptr-tansfected promastigotes, 'Our results indicate that our system may be useful for studying the pteridine salvage pathway in Leishmania as a possible drug target

Clinical Report Multiple Cutaneous Inverted Papilloma in a German shepherd Dog

Abstract Case Description-In this clinical report, occurrence of a rare case of canine cutaneous inverted papilloma was discussed. A 4-year-old, intact, male German shepherd dog was presented with multiple skin lesions, located on the inguinal region near the root of penis, which have been progressively growing since two months ago. In close examination of the lesions multiple, firm, painful, and cup-shaped nodules in different sizes with a central pore filled with keratin were observed. Treatment and Outcome-Surgical excision and histological evaluation was done. Histologically this tumor was characterized by endophytic projections of the epidermis extending into dermis.Cytopathic effects included ballooning degeneration of keratinocytes, koilocytosis, irregularity of keratohyalin granules, and margination of nuclear chromatin. Numerous eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions were present within keratinocytes of endophytic lesion. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were intensely positive for pancytokeratin. On the basis of histopathological and clinical findings, the tumor was diagnosed as multiple cutaneous inverted papilloma. There was no recurrence or any other complications in post operative monitoring. Clinical Relevance-Inverted papillomas are relatively uncommon in dogs; whereas, the incidence of this tumor in the inguinal region is uncommon. Treatment of inverted papilloma was completed by surgical excision in ablating the tumor masses and preventing re-growth. 92 Case Description A 4-year-old, intact, male German shepherd dog was presented for treatment of multiple skin lesions, located on the inguinal region near the root of penis. The owner declared that the masses have been growing up rapidly through two months prior to presentation. On clinical examination; all vital signs (heart Rate, respiratory rate and rectal temperature) were in the normal range. On dermatological examination, multiple, firm, painful, and cup-shaped nodules in different sizes with a central pore filled with keratin were observed and the masses had well-demarcated border Treatment and Outcome Based on the clinical examination, cutaneous neoplasia was suspected and complete surgical excision of the masses was recommended. The dog was premedicated with 0/05 mg/kg acepromazine (KELA Laboratoria) intramusculary and anesthesia intravenously was induced with 10 mg/kg thiopental sodium (Sandoz) and was maintained with halothane 2% (Halothane BP, Nicholas Piramal). An elliptical incision was made in the skin around the lesion and the masses were dissected from subcutaneous tissues. The skin was sutured with Nylon (Monofil Polyamid, Supa) USP: 2/0 in interrupted suture pattern. Postoperative care included Cefazoline (Exir Pharmaceutrical Co.) at 20 mg/kg intramuscularly, every 12 hours for 3 days. The removed masses were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, processed routinely, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 5 µm thickness, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and studied with a routine light microscope. Immunohistochemistry of additional section was performed with Avidin-Biotin complex method by using monoclonal antibodies for pancytokeratin antibody (1/500). Microscopic examination at the nodules revealed cupshaped epidermal proliferation with centripetal papillary projections into dermi

Metabolic syndrome severity score in the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population: A cross-sectional survey of Bandare-Kong Cohort Study (the findings of PERSIAN Cohort Study)

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as the presence of several metabolic risk factors. The traditional MetS criteria have been considered insufficient for evaluating individuals at risk. MetS has always been categorized using binary criteria, which deny that the risk associated with MetS is likely to exist as a continuum. Also, MetS may present differently depending on age, sex, race, or ethnicity. We aimed to derive age-sex-specific equations for MetS severity scores within a southern Iranian population.MethodsThis study used first-phase data from the Bandare-Kong Non-Communicable Diseases (BKNCD) Cohort Study as part of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN). After exclusion of the pregnant women, diabetic patients, and individuals taking antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic, and antidiabetic medications, 2,735 individuals aged 35 to 70 years were selected for analysis. The diagnosis of MetS was based on the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria for the Iranian population. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to formulate MetS severity scores. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to validate MetS severity score equations for age-sex-specific categories.ResultsTriglyceride had the highest factor loading range in all age-sex categories for determining the MetS severity score. Conversely, systolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) exhibited the lowest factor loadings across all age-sex groups. In both sexes, when age was considered, systolic blood pressure and FPG factor loadings were less significant among subjects aged ≥45 and 35–44 years, respectively.ConclusionMetS severity scores might be more applicable than the current criteria of MetS. Prospective population-based studies should be conducted to assess the accuracy and validity of the MetS severity score for predicting cardiometabolic diseases

Evaluating cytotoxic effects of recombinant fragaceatoxin C pore forming toxin against AML cell lines

Objective(s): Current therapeutic strategies for cancer are associated with side effects and lack of specificity in treatments. Biological therapies including monoclonal antibodies and immune effectors have been the subject of multiple research projects. Pore-forming proteins may become the other biological strategy to overcome the problems associated with current treatments. But detailed mechanisms of their action on target membranes remained to be elucidated. We aimed to study the cytotoxic effects of recombinant form of fragaceatoxin C on AML cell lines HL-60 and KG-1. Materials and Methods: We cloned the FraC gene in pET-28a (+) bacterial expression vector and the expressed recombinant FraC protein was purified by affinity chromatography. Then, cytotoxic effects of the recombinant protein were examined on two AML cell lines, HL-60 and KG-1. Effects of serum and calcium ion were explored by hemolysis assay in more details. Results: Our results showed that the recombinant C-terminal polyhistidine-tagged FraC protein has potent cytotoxic effects on both AML cell lines, with IC50=5.6, and 4.6 µg.ml-1 for HL-60 and KG-1 cells, respectively. Serum showed dose-dependent and also time-dependent inhibitory effects on the hemolytic and cytotoxic activities of the FraC protein. Pre-incubation of the toxin with different concentrations of calcium ion also inhibited hemolytic activity of FraC toxin.Conclusion: Results of the present study showed that FraC has potential anti-tumor effects. By detailed investigation of the inhibition mechanism of serum and calcium effects in the future, it can be possible to design target sites for clinical applications of the toxin

The mechanisms of Aligning Personal and Organizational goals in Practical and operational way

This article deals with the alignment of personal and organizational goals in practical and operational way. The main research question includes "which is the suitable measuring model of personal and organizational goals alignment?" "Which are the most important personal and organizational goals in Statistical population of research?" And "How is the alignment of personal and organizational goals?" Statistical population of research is Esfahan Mobarakeh Steel Co. Data collection was document’Sinvestigation, in depth interview and in-person questionnaire and Survey-descriptive approach was our research methodology. Finally, a model for measuring alignment of personal and organizational goals is designed and according to research findings, some propositions to implement this model have been proposed

Developing Structural Dimensions in accordance with Knowledge Management Approach

With advent of knowledge era, the evolution of organizational dimensions has found new aspects. The effectiveness of knowledge management requires special structural, cultural, technological and human perquisites. The primary purpose of the research is to investigate the appropriate structural factors corresponding with knowledge management approach in organization. The current situation of the statistical population will be studied regarding these factors and components. The population of the research consists of managers and senior experts of the NIOPDC. Classified accidental method is used to determine the sample of this research. Data collection is done by in-person questionnaire and Survey. The research method is descriptive. Results indicate that the identified structural factors have significant effects on knowledge management. There are meaningful difference between the existing and the appropriate situation of foregoing factors. Finally, according to research findings, some suggestions are presented to scientific society and organizations